بررسی مقایسه ای از پروتکل های اینترنت اشیا Comparative Study of IoT Protocols

I. INTRODUCTION The Concept of the internet of objects appeared in the 90s, it is poised to become one of the future challenges and opens up prospects for technological and scientific developments [1]. Today, the Internet of Objects is mainly used in domains such as home automation. This is the extension of the Internet to physical objects which are not primarily intended to be connected to it. Therefore, embedded systems and smart sensors fall into this category and participate in the development of IoT. IoT’s benefits are multiple, both from the point of view of civil users and companies such gain in efficiency, savings, reliability. The importance of this domain causes a rapid evolution of the technologies, and an integration on very varied and diversified supports. The concept of “objects” aims at posing no limit as to the feasible possibilities of implementing technological tools in everyday elements. The Internet of Things is a set of tools and technologies that should be considered in every level and aspect of a connected object, modeled as a separate system. Since the Internet of Things is a set of tools and technologies, it is necessary to take into account each level and aspect of a connected object, modeled as a system in its own right [2]. The remainder of this document is organized as follows: Section II presents the different layers of the Internet of things architecture Section III, presents the different protocols that are used in the IoTs domain. In Section IV we expose the related work. Next in Section V we detail a comparative study of the protocols of the application and network layers. We conclude study Section VI. II. IOT ARCHITECTURE The internet of things gives solutions based on the integration of information technology, which refers to hardware and software used in storing, retrieving, and processing data and communications technology which includes electronic systems used for communicating between individuals or groups. The fast convergence of information and communications technology is built on three layers of technology innovation: the cloud, data and communication pipes/networks and device [3]. More than 25 Billion things are expected to be connected by 2020 which is a huge. So, the rapid evolution of connected objects needs adaptable and flexible architectures with different type and scope of application. There is no single consensus on IoT architecture, which is universally adopted. Different architectures have been proposed by different researchers [4]. The ever-increasing number of proposed architectures has not yet converged to a reference model [5]. We present an improved layered architecture of Internet of Things, as a survey. It summarizes the current development of IoT architectures in various domains systematically in Fig.1 [6], the internet of things layered architecture is illustrated as supposed by the ITU-T (International Telecommunications Union – Telecommunication Standardization Sector) and is composed of four layers; the top or first layer is the IOT application layer which contains the application user interface, the second layer is the services and application support layer, the third layer is the network layer which contains the networking and transport capabilities, the bottom layer is the device layer, which contains the gateways and the hardware and sensors and RFID tags and others. Along the four layers, the security and management capabilities and functions are distributed [7].