The way ahead--the new technology in an old society.
- نوع فایل : کتاب
- زبان : انگلیسی
- مؤلف : M Sharma; R Swarup
- ناشر : Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology
- چاپ و سال / کشور: 2003
- شابک / ISBN : 0000000000043
Description
Biotechnology in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1.1 Transgenic Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.1.2 Plant Tissue Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.2.1 Horticultural and Plantation Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.1.2.2 Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.1.2.3 Tissue Culture Pilot Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.1.2.4 Hardening Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.1.2.5 Micropropagation Technology Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Adv Biochem Engin/Biotechnol (2003) 84: 1–48 DOI 10.1007/b11035CHAPTER 1 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003 2.1.3 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.1.4 Biological Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.1.4.1 Biofertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.1.4.2 Biological Pesticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.1.5 Animal Biotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.1.6 Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.2 Biodiversity Conservation and Bioprospecting . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.3 Biofuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.3.1 Production and Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.3.2 Alternative Sources of Energy/Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.3.3 Bioengineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.4 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.5 Healthcare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.5.1 Human Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.6 Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.7 Human Resource Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.8 Bioinformatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.9 Centers of Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.9.1 Repositories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.9.2 Programme Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.10 Biosafety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 2.10.1 Regulatory Mechanisms in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 2.10.2 The Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RDAC) . . . . . . . 39 2.10.3 Bt. Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 2.10.4 Public Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 2.11 Socio-Economic Development .
Biotechnology is one of the most important scientific and technological revolutions of the last century and has greatly benefited various aspects of human life. The potentials are enormous and many breakthroughs have already been achieved in the area of healthcare, food, agricultural products and environmental production. The developments in this important area provide immediate benefits to mankind and offer environmentally friendly technologies for sustainable development. The Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, set up in 1986, has played an important catalytic role in promoting this revolutionary field. Research and development, technology validation and demonstration, technology transfer, human resource development, setting up of Centers of Excellence and promoting industry-academia interactions have been some of the major achievements during the last 15 years. A unique feature of this Department is the strong interaction with scientists and institutes across the country to promote biotechnology research and development efforts for commercialization and also to benefit the rural population for socio-economic development. A large number of research institutes/universities and organizations across the country have been supported in the areas of agriculture, healthcare, environment and industry. In addition, basic research has also been an important thrust area. In order to ensure that the benefits of biotechnology reach the masses at large, a very stringent biosafety mechanism has been adopted. India is a country rich in biodiversity with two hot spots and has a strong base of expertise available in nearly all fields--thus biotechnology could flourish leading to a Bioindustrial Revolution. We are today poised to be the leaders in this field in the 21st Century.
