Animal diversity

Chapter 1 Figure 1.5: Source: A. Moorehead, Darwin and the Beagle, 1969, Harper & Row,New York,NY. Figure 1.14: Source: J. J. Sepkoski, Jr.,Paleobiology, 7:36–53, 1981. Figure 1.15: From Peter H. Raven and George B. Johnson, Biology, 4th edition.Copyright © 1996 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Figure 1.17: Source: J. Cracraft in IBIS, 116:294–521, 1974. Figure 1.20: Source: P. R. Grant,“Speciation and Adaptive Radiation of Darwin’s Finches” in American Scientist, 69:653–663, 1981. Figure 1.21: From Peter H. Raven and George B. Johnson, Biology, 4th edition.Copyright © 1996 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. Figure 1.25c: Source: P. M. Brakefield,“Industrial Melanism: Do We Have the Answers?” in Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2:117–122, 1987. Figure 1.26: Source: A. E. Mourant, The Distribution of Human Blood, 1954, Ryerson Press,Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Figure 1.30: Source: D. M. Raup and J. J. Sepkoski, Jr.,“Mass Extinctions in the Marine Fossil Record” in Science, 215:1502–1504, 1982. Chapter 2 Figure 2.5: Source: Data from E. Bos et al. 1994. “World Population Projections 1994–95.” Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press for the World Bank. Figure 2.10: Source: Data from D. Lack, Darwin’s Finches. Cambridge University Press, 1947. Figure 2.12: Source: Data from G. F. Gause, 1934.The Struggle for Existence. New York, Williams and Wilkins. Figure 2.14: From Peter Castro and Michael E. Huber,Marine Biology. Copyright © 1992 Mosby-Year Book. Reprinted by permission of Times Mirror Higher Education Group, Inc., Dubuque, Iowa. All rights reserved. Figure 2.16: Source: Data from R. L. Smith, Biology and Field Biology, 3d ed. Harper and Row.New York, 1980; and E.P.Odum Foundations of Ecology, 3d ed.W. B. Saunders. Philadelphia, 1971. Chapter 3 Figure 3.1: Source: J.T. Bonner, The Evolution of Complexity, 1988, Princeton University Press. Figure 3.2: Source: C.R.Taylor, et al.,“Scaling of Energetic Costs of Running to Body Size Animals” in American Journal of Physiology, 219(4): 1104–1107, October 1970. Figure 3.8: From Kent M. Van De Graaff and Stuart Ira Fox, Concepts of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 4th edition. Copyright © 1995 McGraw-Hill Company, Inc., Dubuque, IA. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission. Chapter 4 Figure 4.3: Source: E.O.Wiley,Phylogenetics, 1981, John Wiley & Sons,New York,NY. Chapter 5 Figure 5.1: Source: J. Lasman in Journal of Parasitology, 24:244–248, 1977. Figure 5.2a: From Peter H. Raven and George B. Johnson, Biology, 4th edition.Copyright © 1996 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Chapter 8 Figure 8.6: Source: Based on drawing by L. T. Threadgold from Larry S. Roberts and J. Janovy, Jr., Foundations of Parasitology, 5th edition, 1996, McGraw-Hill Company, Inc., Dubuque, IA. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission. Figure 8.12: Source: J. F. Mueller and H. J. Van Cleave, Roosevelt Wildlife Annals, 1932. Figure 8.14: Source: D. J. Morseth, Journal of Parasitology, 53:492–500, 1967. Figure 8.21: Source: W.E. Sterrer,“Systematics and Evolution within the Gnathostomulida” in Systematic Zoology, 21:151, 1972. Chapter 9 Figure 9.5: Source: C. Con,“Kamptozoa”in H.G. Bronn, ed., Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier- Reichs, Vol. 4, Part 2, 1936, Akademische Verlagsgesselschaft, Leipzig. Figure 9.16: Source: R. M. Kristensen,“Loricifera, a New Phylum with Aschelminthes Characters from the Meiobenthos” in Zeitsch. Zool Syst. Evol., 21:163, 1983. Chapter 11 Figure 11.7: Source: P. Fauvel,“Annelides Polychetes. Reproduction” in P. P. Grasse, ed., Traite de Zoologie, Vol. 5, Part 1, 1959, Masson et Cie, Paris; modified from W. M.Woodworth, 1907. Chapter 12 Figure 12.3: From Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms edited by S. P. Parker, 1982, Volume 2. Copyright © 1982 McGraw-Hill Company, Inc., New York,NY. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission. Figure 12.44: From Peter H. Raven and George B. Johnson, Biology, 4th edition. Copyright © 1996 McGraw-Hill Company, Inc., Dubuque, IA. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission. Chapter 14 Figure 14.4: Source: Drawing by Tim Doyle. Figure 14.19: Source: A.N. Baker, et al.,“A New Class of Echinodermata from New Zealand” in Nature, 321:862–864, 1986. Figure 14.22: Source: W.D. Russell-Hunger, A Biology of Higher Invertebrates, 1969, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York,NY. Chapter 15 Lyrics: “IT’S A LONG WAY FROM AMPHIOXUS,” ©Alpha Music Inc. All rights reserved. Used by permission. Figure 15.8: Source: S. J. Gould, Wonderful Life, 1989;W.W. Norton & Company. Figure 15.11: Source: R. J. Aldridge, et al.,“The Anatomy of Conodonts” in Phil. Trans.Roy. Soc. London B, 340:405–421, 1993. Figure 15.12: Source: R. Zangerl and M. E.Williams in Paleontology, 18:333–341, 1975. Chapter 16 Figure 16.3b: Source: After R. Conniff,Audubon, March 1991. Figure 16.3c: Source: After F. H. Pough et al.,Vertebrate Life, Macmillan, 1989; and D. Jensen, Sci. Am. 214(2) 82–90, 1966. Figure 16.3d: Source: After D. Jensen, Sci. Am. 214(2) 82–90. Figure 16.19: From Peter Castro and Michael E. Huber,Marine Biology. Copyright © 1992 Mosby-Year Book. Reprinted by permission of Times Mirror Higher Education Group, Inc., Dubuque, Iowa. All rights reserved. Chapter 17 Figure 17.4: Source: W. E. Duellmann and L.Trueb, Biology of Amphibians, 1986,McGraw-Hill Company, Inc.,New York,NY. , , , , , , c r e d i t s 428