Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology. / Volume 194

A Abiotic remediation & degradation, DDT, DDE, 63, 65 Actinobacteria, off-fl avor producers, 9 Aerobic degradation pathways, DDE, DDT (diag.). 59 Agrowastes, off-fl avor adsorbents, 14 Algal volatile organic compounds, off-fl avor, 2 Algicides, plant-derived, 13 Anabaena, off-fl avor volatiles, 4 Anaerobic degradation pathways, DDE (diag.), 62 Anionic surfactants, chemical structures, 75 Anthraquinone-59, algicide, 13 Antifouling paint, mercury source, 38 Aspergillus, off-fl avor volatiles, 2 B Benthic species, off-fl avor producers, 8 Bioaccumulation, mercury San Francisco Estuary, 43 Bioconcentration, pesticide, surfactant effects, 156 Biodegradation pathways, surfactants (diag.), 86 Biodegradation, pesticides in soil, surfactant effect (table), 142 Biofi lm, water pipeline off-fl avor, 2 Biomagnifi cation, mercury San Francisco Estuary, 44 Birds, mercury levels, San Francisco Estuary (table), 33, 35 Bluegreen algae, copper resistant, 12 Brij-30, surfactant, 78 C California gold rush, mercury use, 30 Carbamate insecticides, chemical structures, 93 Cationic surfactants, chemical sstructures, 75 Cationic surfactants, more toxic to aquatic species, 79 Chemical structures, pesticides, 92 ff. Chemical structures, surfactants, 75 Chloralkali, mercury source, 38 Copper, algae control of off-fl avors, 12 Copper-resistant, blue-green algae, 12 Critical micelle concentrations, surfactant (table), 77 Cucurbita pepo, DDE remediation plant, 58 D DDE, abiotic remediation & degradation, 63 DDE, abiotic remediation methods (table), 65 DDE, aerobic degradation pathway (diag.). 59 DDE, anaerobic degradation pathways (diag.). 62 DDE degradation, 55 ff. DDE degradation, titanium dioxide, 64 DDE, fertilizer enhanced phytoremediation, 57 DDE, microbial remediation, 60 DDE, most effect microorganisms in remediation, 60 DDE, most effective plants in phytoremediation, 58 DDE, physicochemical properties, 56 DDE, phytoremediation, 57 DDE remediation, 55 ff. DDE, sorption to soil & sediment, 56 DDT, abiotic remediation & degradation, 63 DDT, aerobic degradation pathway (diag.), 59 DDT derivatives, endocrine disrupters, 55 DDT, rapid degradation, palladium/ magnesium, 64 DDT, technical grade composition, 55 Dissociation, pesticide/surfactant, 95 Diuron, phytoplankton community alterations, 12 E Endocrine disrupters, DDT derivatives, 55 F Fish, mercury levels, San Francisco Estuary (table), 33 Formulation, pesticide soil adsorption/ desorption effects, 125 Fusarium, off-fl avor volatiles, 2 G Geosmin, biosynthesis, 9 Geosmin, metabolized by gram-positive bacteria, 15 Geosmin/methylisoborneol-producing species (table), 7 Geosmin, microbial producer species, 4 Geosmin, off-fl avor sources, 1 ff. Geosmin, physicochemical properties, 3 Geosmin-producing species (table), 6 Geosmin (trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans- 9-decalol), 2 Gold mining, mercury source, 38 Gold mining, mercury use, 30 H Herbicides, chemical structures, 92 Human health, mercury consumption, San Francisco Estuary, 34 Hydrolysis, functional moieties of organics (table), 103 Hydrolysis, pesticides in micelles (table), 108 Hydrolysis, pesticides, mechanisms, 102 Hydrolysis, surfactant effect on pesticide, 99 I Igepal CA-720, surfactant, 78 Iron, zero valent, DDT, DDE, DDD degradation, 63 L Leaching, pesticides surfactant effects, 131 Lignocellulosic agrowastes, biosorbents, 14 Lyngbya, off-fl avor volatiles, 4 M Mammals, mercury levels, San Francisco Estuary (table), 34 Medical waste incineration, mercury source, 38 Mercury, bioaccumulation, San Francisco Estuary, 43 Mercury, biomagnifi cation San Francisco Estuary, 44 Mercury, delivery system to San Francisco Estuary, 39 Mercury, environmental & human health concern, 30 Mercury, fl ux & complexation, water, 42 Mercury levels, birds, San Francisco Estuary (table), 33, 35 Mercury levels, fi sh, San Francisco Estuary (table), 33 Mercury levels, mammals, San Francisco Estuary (table), 34 Mercury management, San Francisco Estuary, 44 Mercury methylation, sulfate-reducing bacteria, 30 Mercury mining districts, San Francisco Bay area, 38 Mercury remediation, San Francisco Estuary, 46 Mercury restoration, San Francisco Estuary, 45 Mercury, river contamination, San Francisco Estuary, 40 Mercury, routes to San Francisco Estuary, 39 Mercury, San Francisco Estuary contamination, 29 ff. Mercury, sediment levels, San Francisco Estuary, 41 Mercury, sediment processes, San Francisco Estuary, 41 Mercury sources, San Francisco Estuary, 36, 38, 40 Mercury speciation, San Francisco Estuary, 39 Mercury transformation, San Francisco Estuary, 39 Mercury use history, San Francisco Bay area, 37 Mercury, water levels, San Francisco Estuary, 41 Methylisoborneol (1,2,7,7, tetramethylexo- bicyclo peptan-2-ol), 2 Methylisoborneol, microbial producer species, 4 Methylisoborneol, off-fl avor sources, 1 ff. Methylisoborneol, phisicochemical properties, 3 Methylisoborneol-producing species (table), 5 Methylmercury, bioaccumulation/ biomagnifi cation, 30 Methylmercury, environmental formation, 30 Methylmercury, neurotoxin, 30 Microbial remediation, DDE, 60 Microbial remediation, off-fl avor water, 14 Microorganisms, effective in DDE remediation, 60 Monomethylmercury, environmental formation, 30 Monorhamnolipid, surfactant, 78 N Neodol 91-6, surfactant, 78 Nonionic surfactants, chemical structures, 75 O Odors, source-water, 3 Off-fl avor, 2-methylisoborneol sources, 1 ff. Off-fl avor, algal volatile organic compounds, 2 Off-fl avor, chemical causes, 2 Off-fl avor, petroleum source, 2 Off-fl avor sources, remediation, 1 ff. Off-fl avor- geosmin sources, 1 ff. Off-fl avors, categorized, 2 Off-fl avors, chemical remediation methods, 11 Off-fl avors, conventional physical remediation methods, 10 Organic chemicals functional moieties, hydrolysis (table), 103 Organophosphate insecticides, chemical structures, 92 Oscillatoria, off-fl avor volatiles, 4 Ozonation, most effective off-fl avor remediation method, 12 Ozone, geosmin/methylisoborneol removal, 12 P PAHs, surfactant effects, 89 Palladium/magnesium, rapid DDT degradation, 64 Penicillium, off-fl avor volatiles, 2 Periphyton, major water off-fl avor source, 2 Pesticide/adjuvant distribution/transformation, application (diag.), 73 Pesticide behavior, surfactant effects, 71 ff. Pesticide bioconcentration, surfactant effects, 156 Pesticide biodegradation, surfactant effects, 138 Pesticide dissociation constants, surfactant effect (table), 96 Pesticide, dissociation in surfactant, 95 Pesticide distribution, post-application (diag.), 73 Pesticide formulation, soil adsorption/ desorption effects, 125 Pesticide formulations, surfactantcontaining, 72 Pesticide hydrolysis in micelles (table), 108 Pesticide hydrolysis, surfactant effect, 99 Pesticide leaching, surfactant effects, 131 Pesticide, microbial uptake mechanism (illus.), 139 Pesticide photolysis, mechanisms, 114 Pesticide photolysis, surfactant effects, 112, 117 Pesticide photoreactions in micellar systems (diag.), 113 Pesticide residues, surfactant effects, 150 Pesticide soil mobility, surfactant effect (table), 133 Pesticide solubilization in micelles (table), 92 ff. Pesticide volatilization, surfactant effect, 97 Pesticides, biodegradation in soil, surfactant effect, (table), 142 Pesticides, chemical structures, 92 ff. Pesticides, foliar uptake surfactant effect, 146 Pesticides, hydrolysis mechanisms, 102 Pesticides, residues surfactant effect, 148, 150 Pesticides, root uptake surfactant effect, 145 Pesticides, soil adsorption/desorption surfactant effect, 121, 125 Pesticides, solubilization effect of surfactants, 87, 91 Pesticides, surfactant biodegradation effects, 138 Pesticides, surfactant effect behavior in plants, 144 Pesticides, surfactant effects, 71 ff. Pesticides, surfactant effects mobility & degradation soil, 121 Pesticides, surfactant effects physicochemical properties, 87 Phormidium, off-fl avor volatiles, 4 Photolysis, pesticide, mechanisms, 114 Photoreactions in micellar systems (diag.), 113 Physicochemical properties, 2-methylisoborneol, 3 Physicochemical properties, geosmin, 3 Physicoehcmical properties, surfactants, 75, 77 Phytoremediation, DDE, 57 Plankton, off-fl avor producers, 8 Plant-derived algicides, 13 Pseudomonas sp., methylisoborneol metabolism, 15