PAHs : an ecotoxicological perspective

Part I Introduction and Rationale 1 1 Introduction 3 Peter E. T. Douben Part II General Characteristics of PAHs 7 2 The Sources, Transport, and Fate of PAHs in the Marine Environment 9 James S. Latimer and Jinshu Zheng 3 Geochemistry of PAHs in Aquatic Environments: Source, Persistence and Distribution 35 Robert M. Burgess, Michael J. Ahrens and Christopher W. Hickey 4 Photochemical Reactions of PAHs in the Atmosphere 47 Janet Arey and Roger Atkinson 5 Metabolic Activation of PAHs: Role of DNA Adduct Formation in Induced Carcinogenesis 65 Farida Akcha, Thierry Burgeot, Jean-Fran¸cois Narbonne and Philippe Garrigues 6 Biodegradation and General Aspects of Bioavailability 81 Frank Volkering and Anton M. Breure Part III Bioavailability, Exposure and Effects in Environmental Compartments 97 7 An Overview of the Partitioning and Bioavailability of PAHs in Sediments and Soils 99 Robert M. Burgess, Michael J. Ahrens, Christopher W. Hickey, Pieter J. den Besten, Dorien ten Hulscher, Bert van Hattum, James P.Meador and Peter E. T. Douben8 Bioavailability, Uptake and Effects of PAHs in Aquatic Invertebrates in Field Studies 127 Pieter J. den Besten, Dorien ten Hulscher and Bert van Hattum 9 Bioaccumulation of PAHs in Marine Invertebrates 147 James P. Meador 10 Uptake and Accumulation of PAHs by Terrestrial Invertebrates 173 Rudolf K. Achazi and Cornelis A. M. Van Gestel 11 Ecotoxicological Studies Focusing on Marine and Freshwater Fish 191 Jerry F. Payne, Anne Mathieu and Tracy K. Collier 12 Effects of PAHs on Terrestrial and Freshwater Birds, Mammals and Amphibians 225 Heath M. Malcolm and Richard F. Shore 13 Effects of PAHs on Marine Birds, Mammals and Reptiles 243 Peter H. Albers and Thomas R. Loughlin 14 PAH Interactions with Plants: Uptake, Toxicity and Phytoremediation 263 Bruce M. Greenberg 15 Assessing Risks from Photoactivated Toxicity of PAHs to Aquatic Organisms 275 Gerald T. Ankley, Lawrence P. Burkhard, Philip M. Cook, Stephen A. Diamond, Russell J. Erickson and David R. Mount 16 Biomarkers and PAHs—Prospects for the Assessment of Exposure and Effects in Aquatic Systems 297 Rolf Altenburger, Helmut Segner and Ron van der Oost Part IV Integration of Information on PAHs 329 17 Approaches to Developing Sediment Quality Guidelines for PAHs 331 David R. Mount, Christopher G. Ingersoll and Joy A. McGrath 18 Managing Risks from PAHs 357 Graham Whale, Gordon Lethbridge, Vikram Paul and Eric Martin