Developmental biology : from a cell to an organism
- نوع فایل : کتاب
- زبان : انگلیسی
- مؤلف : Russ Hodge
- ناشر : New York : Facts On File
- چاپ و سال / کشور: 2010
- شابک / ISBN : 9780816066834
Description
Foreword x Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvi Introduction xvii 1 Life as a Single Cell: Creating a New Animal 1 Making Bodies from Cells 3 The Rise of Sexual Reproduction 5 The Beginnings of a Life: Egg and Sperm 7 The Odd Case of Jumping Genes 12 Fertilization 16 Cleavage and the Cell Cycle 20 The Machines of Cell Division 25 Summary 29 2 The Rise of Structure: Early Growth and Differentiation 30 Cleavage and Implantation of the Embryo 30 Gastrulation: Layers and Migrations 33 Organizers: The Experiments of Spemann and Mangold 37 How Signals Work 40 Molecular Signals in Gastrulation 42 From the Organizer to the Notochord 44 Summary 46 3 The Origins of the Major Organs 48 From the Notochord to the Nervous System 48 Secondary Neurulation and the Early Brain 53 Contents The Development of Unique Features of the Human Brain 56 Hox Genes: A Universal Scaffold for the Head-to-Tail Axis 59 From Left to Right: Symmetries and Asymmetries 65 The Heart 66 Developmental Molecules and Heart Disease 72 Building Blood Vessels 74 Blood Vessels in Cancer and Other Diseases 77 The Digestive System 80 Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder 82 Lungs 86 Bones 88 Skeletal Muscle 90 Skin 93 Limbs 96 Cell Death: A Sculptor of Development 103 Eyes 106 Summary 111 4 Cell Differentiation and Disease 113 Stem Cells and Potential Therapies 113 Illuminating the Cell 120 Stem Cells and Cancer 122 Blood Cells 126 Neurons and Glia 132 Summary 137 5 Evolution and Development 138 Ernst Haeckel and Recapitulation Theory 139 Genomes and Homologs 145 Hox Genes and Genome Evolution 148 An Evolutionary Tool Kit 150 Gene Homologies and the Origins of Organs 153 The Flip Side of Evolution 156 Xenotransplantation and the Creation of Artificial Species 159 Summary and Some Final Thoughts 163 Chronology 165 Glossary 178 Further Resources 188 Index 197
