Evaluating process safety in the chemical industry : a user's guide to quantitative risk analysis
- نوع فایل : کتاب
- زبان : انگلیسی
- مؤلف : J Steven Arendt; Donald K Lorenzo
- ناشر : Arlington : American Chemistry Council ; New York : Center for Chemical Process Safety, cop.
- چاپ و سال / کشور: 2000
- شابک / ISBN : 9780816907465
Description
INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. BACKGROUND 1 1.2. THE PROCESS OF RISK ANALYSIS 2 1.3. DEFINITION OF QRA 5 1.4. MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT QRA 7 2 DECIDING WHETHER TO USE QRA 11 2.1. SOME REASONS FOR CONSIDERING QRA 11 2.2. TYPES OF INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM RISK STUDIES 13 2.3. CRITERIA FOR ELECTING TO USE QRA 19 v 3 MANAGEMENT USE OF QRA 25 3.1. CHARTERING THE ANALYSIS 25 3.1.1. Study Objective 26 3.1.2. Scope 27 3.1.3. Technical Approach 28 3.1.4. Resources 28 3.2. SELECTING QRA TECHNIQUES 31 3.2.1. Hazard Identification 31 3.2.2. Consequence Analysis 32 3.2.3. Frequency Analysis 36 3.2.4. Risk Evaluation and Presentation 41 3.3. UNDERSTANDING THE ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS 46 3.3.1. Completeness 46 3.3.2. Model Validity 47 3.3.3. Accuracy/Uncertainty 47 3.3.4. Reproducibility 48 3.3.5. Inscrutability 49 4 USING QRA RESULTS 51 4.1. COMPARATIVE METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING PERSPECTIVE 52 4.2. FACTORS INFLUENCING RISK PERCEPTION 57 4.2.1. Type of Hazard 58 4.2.2. Voluntary versus Involuntary 59 4.2.3. Societal versus Individual 59 4.2.4. Public versus Employee 59 4.2.5. High Consequence/Low Frequency versus Low Consequence/High Frequency 59 4.2.6. Acute versus Latent Effects 60 4.2.7. Familiarity 60 4.2.8. Controllability 60 4.2.9. Age of Exposed Population 60 4.2.10. Distribution of Risk and Benefit 61 4.3. COMMUNICATING RISK 61 4.3.1. Accept and Involve the Public as a Legitimate Partner 61 4.3.2. Plan Carefully and Evaluate Your Efforts 61 4.3.3. Listen to People’s Specific Concerns 62 4.3.4. Be Honest, Frank, and Open 62 vi CONTENTS 4.3.5. Coordinate and Collaborate with Other Credible Sources 62 4.3.6. Meet the Needs of the Media 62 4.3.7. Speak Clearly and with Compassion 63 4.4. PITFALLS IN USING QRA RESULTS 63 5 CONCLUSIONS 65 References 67
