Modern protective structures

INTRODUCTION General Background Protective Planning and Design Philosophy Protection Methodology, Threat, and Risk Assessment From Threat and Hazard Environment to Load Definition Technical Resources and Blast Mitigation Capabilities Analysis Requirements and Capabilities Protective Technology: Current State and Future Needs Summary EXPLOSIVE DEVICES AND EXPLOSIONS Introduction Characteristics of Explosive Processes, Devices, and Environments Explosives, Explosions, Effects, and Their Mitigation CONVENTIONAL AND NUCLEAR ENVIRONMENTS Introduction Airblast Penetration HE-Induced Ground Shock, Cratering, and Ejecta Cratering, Ejecta, and Ground Shock from Nuclear Devices Fragmentation Fire, Chemical, Bacteriological, and Radiological Environments CONVENTIONAL AND NUCLEAR LOADS ON STRUCTURES Conventional Loads on Structures Nuclear Loads on Structures Step-by-Step Procedures for Deriving Blast Design Loads BEHAVIORS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS Introduction Government and Non-Government Manuals and Criteria Distances from Explosion and Dynamic Loads Material Properties of Steel and Concrete Flexural Resistance Shear Resistance Tensile and Compressive Members Principal Reinforcement Cylinders, Arches, and Domes Shear Walls Frames Natural Periods of Vibration Advanced Considerations Application to Structural Design Practical Damage and Response Limits DYNAMIC RESPONSE AND ANALYSIS Introduction Simple Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Analysis Multi Degree of Freedom (MDOF) Systems Continuous Systems Intermediate and Advanced Computational Approaches Validation Requirements for Computational Capabilities Practical Computation Support for Protective Analysis and Design Activities CONNECTIONS, OPENINGS, INTERFACES, AND INTERNAL SHOCK Connections Openings and Interfaces Internal Shock and Its Isolation Internal Pressure PRESSURE-IMPULSE DIAGRAMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Introduction Background Characteristics of P-I Diagrams Analytical Solutions of P-I Diagrams Numerical Approach to P-I Curves Dynamic Analysis Approach Dynamic Structural Model Application Examples for SDOF and P-I Computational Approaches PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE Introduction Background Progressive Collapses of Different Types of Structures Department of Defense and General Services Administration Guidelines Advanced Frame Structure Analysis Summary A COMPREHENSIVE PROTECTIVE DESIGN APPROACH Introduction Background Protection Approaches and Measures Planning and Design Assumptions Siting, Architectural, and Functional Considerations Load Considerations Structural Behavior and Performance Structural System Behavior Structural System and Component Selection Multi-Hazard Protective Design Other Safety Considerations Development and Implementation of Effective Protective Technology Summary REFERENCES INDEX