Inhalation toxicology

PART I Inhalation Toxicology: Methods and Measurements Chapter 1 Inhalation Risk Assessment at the Environmental Protection Agency 3 John E. Whalan, Gary L. Foureman, and John J. Vandenberg Chapter 2 The Development and Application of Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances 39 George M. Rusch Chapter 3 Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPGs) 61 Finis Cavender Chapter 4 Directed-Flow Aerosol Inhalation Exposure Systems: Applications to Pathogens and Highly Toxic Agents 73 Rudolph J. Jaeger, Susan G. Shami, and Liana Tsenova Chapter 5 Low-Level Effects of VX Vapor Exposure on Pupil Size and Cholinesterase Levels in Rats 91 Bernard J. Benton, Douglas R. Sommerville, J. Steven Anthony, Ronald B. Crosier, Edward M. Jakubowski, Christopher E. Whalley, Paul A. Dabisch, Stanley W. Hulet, Kathy L. Matson, Charles L. Crouse, Robert J. Mioduszewski, and Sandra A. Thomson Chapter 6 Application of Intratracheal Instillation Exposure to the Etiological Determination of a Pulmonary Disease Outbreak: Nylon Flock as an Example 109 Dale W. Porter and Ann F. Hubbs Chapter 7 The Use of Large Animals in Inhalation Toxicology 119 R.F.R. Brown, B.J.A. Jugg, and J. Jenner Chapter 8 Toxic Load Modeling 137 Douglas R. Sommerville, Kyong H. Park, Michael O. Kierzewski, Michael D. Dunkel, Matthew I. Hutton, and Nirmala A. Pinto Chapter 9 Inhalation Toxicology and Carcinogenicity Studies of the National Toxicology Program 159 Elizabeth K. Weisburger and Vera W. Hudson Chapter 10 Toxicology of Fire and Smoke 205 Barbara C. Levin and Erica D. Kuligowski PART II Inhalation Toxicology Methods Chapter 11 Toxicogenomics of Low-Level Nerve Agent Vapor Exposure 231 Janet Weeks Sekowski Chapter 12 Respiratory Sensitization 243 Malcolm Blackwell Chapter 13 Peripheral Chemosensory Irritation with Particular Reference to Respiratory Tract Exposure 269 Bryan Ballantyne Chapter 14 Role of Cytokines in Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis Induced by Inhaled Mineral Particles 307 François Huaux Chapter 15 Hormesis: Implications for Risk Assessment 335 Edward J. Calabrese Chapter 16 Nasal Toxicology 349 John B. Morris Chapter 17 Effects of Inhaled Toxicants on the Nose and Nasal Function 373 Pamela Dalton and Richard Opiekum Chapter 18 Toxicokinetics: Deposition, Absorption, Distribution, and Excretion 405 Mario A. Inchiosa Chapter 19 Mechanistic Determinants and Modeling of the Inhalation Pharmacokinetics of Volatile Organic Chemicals 439 Andy Nong and Kannan Krishnan Chapter 20 Inhalation Toxicology of an Irritant Gas—Historical Perspectives, Current Research, and Case Studies of Phosgene Exposure 457 Alfred M. Sciuto Chapter 21 Inhalation Toxicology of Riot Control Agents 485 Harry Salem, Bryan Ballantyne, and Sidney A. Katz Chapter 22 Chemical Warfare Agents and Nuclear Weapons 521 Nabil M. Elsayed and Harry Salem Chapter 23 The Inhalation Toxicology of Chromium Compounds 543 Sidney A. Katz, Bryan Ballantyne, and Harry Salem Chapter 24 Safety Assessment of Therapeutic Agents Administered by the Respiratory Route 565 Shayne C. Gad Chapter 25 Nonclinical Pharmacology and Safety Studies of Insulin Administered to the Respiratory Tract 609 Gregory L. Finch PART III Inhalation Toxicology of Materials Chapter 26 Inhalation Toxicology of Alcohol/Gasoline Fuels—Current Status 623 Raymond Poon Chapter 27 Asbestos 647 David M. Bernstein Chapter 28 The Inhalation Toxicity of Benzene 669 Robert Snyder and Marcel Van Raaij Chapter 29 Carbon Monoxide 695 James J. McGrath Chapter 30 Experimental, Clinical, Occupational Toxicology, and Forensic Aspects of Hydrogen Cyanide with Particular Reference to Vapor Exposure 717 Bryan Ballantyne and Harry Salem Chapter 31 The Pharmacology and Toxicology of Inhaled Dusts, Endotoxins, and Glucans 803 Samantha R. Lane, Paul J. Nicholls, and Robert. D.E. Sewell Chapter 32 Fluorocarbon Alternatives—Methodologies for Special Studies and Results 825 Darol E. Dodd and William J. Brock Chapter 33 Animal Models for Three Major Cigarette-Smoke-Induced Diseases 851 Raymond R. Schleef, Patrick M. Vanscheevwijck, Walter K. Schlage, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Christopher R.E. Coggins, and Hans-Juergen Haussmann Chapter 34 The Impact of Active and Passive Exposure to Cigarette Smoke on Maternal and Fetal Health 875 Sher-Janel T. Todd and Stanley T. Omaye PART IV Inhalation Toxicology of Bioaerosols Chapter 35 Health Aspects of Bioaerosols 913 Kevin P. O’Connell and Harry Salem Chapter 36 Emerging Biothreats: Natural and Deliberate 933 Jessica M. Mann and Nancy D. Connell Chapter 37 Toxicology Associated with Respiratory Exposures to Fungi (Molds) 945 Marsha D.W. Ward, Yong Joo Chung, and MaryJane K. Selgrade Chapter 38 Inhalation Toxicity of Botulinum Neurotoxin 963 Michael Adler Chapter 39 Inhalation Ricin: Aerosol Procedures, Animal Toxicology, and Therapy 973 Robert W. Wannemacher and Jamie B. Anderson Chapter 40 Toxicity, Mechanisms, Prophylaxis, and Therapy of Inhaled Biological Toxins 983 Brian M. Paddle