Managing indoor air quality

1 INDOOR AIR QUALITY: AN OVERVIEW—WHERE ARE WE? ............................................1 The Building as a Habitat , When Buildings Become Sickening , Why Now? , Humane Concerns , Economic Issues , Legal Implications , Indoor Air Pollutants , Treating the Problem , IAQ Controls , Investigation Headaches , Environmental Medicine , The Management Challenge 2 INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN RETROSPECT: HOW DID WE GET HERE? ...........................................................15 IAQ in Antiquity , Body Odor & Tobacco Smoke: Factors of Transition , IAQ Today , Summary: What Does All This Mean? 3 CLASSIFYING INDOOR AIR PROBLEMS: WHAT KIND AND HOW BIG A PROBLEM DO WE HAVE? .................................................................................27 Sick Building Syndrome & Building Related Illness , SBS Symptomatology , Building Related Illness Diagnosis , Putting Health Information to Work , Contaminants & Their Sources , Environmental Conditions , Psychological & Ergonomic Factors , Health, Contaminants & Environmental Factors 4 INVESTIGATING INDOOR AIR QUALITY PROBLEMS: HOW TO FIND OUT WHAT WENT WRONG ..........................71 Investigation Procedures , Measures of Acceptability , Investigation Difficulties , Selecting a Diagnostic Team 5 CONTROLLING INDOOR AIR PROBLEMS: HOW TO KEEP THE BUILDING WORKING WELL ............. 115 Toxicity & Hazard , Measuring Contaminants , Controls , Special Control Considerations , Control Evaluation & Monitoring , Control by Contaminant vi 6 THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT: AN INTERNAL HABITAT ............................................................145 Comfort & Health , Temperature , Relative Humidity , Humidity & ASHRAE 62 , Ventilation , Ventilation Limitations , First, Check the HVAC System , Ventilation & Energy Efficiency 7 HVAC: THE HEART OF THE SYSTEM ...................................................165 HVAC Design , Inspecting the HVAC System , HVAC Operations & Maintenance , HVAC IAQ Opportunities , Outdoor Air Intake , Mixing Plenum , Water & Air Distribution Systems , Water Systems , Air Systems , Heating/Cooling Plants 8 FILTRATION: UNDERSTANDING AN UNDERUTILIZED ASSET ...............191 History of Filters , Applying Filtration , Basic Principles of Air Cleaning , Particulate Filtration , Testing and Rating Methods for Particulate Filters , Gas Phase Filtration , Application of Filtration 9 BUILDING SECURITY AND SAFETY: READYING YOUR BUILDING FOR “EXTRAORDINARY” ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS ......................................................223 “9/11” Changed the World , The Rules Have Not Changed , Assessment Guidance , Checklist for CB Hardening Preparations , Filtration is an Important Building Security Tool 10 OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE: AN OUNCE OF PREVENTION ..................................................241 .................. Inherited “Energy Crisis” Problems , The High Cost of Neglected Maintenance , Operation & Maintenance: The Key IAQ Ingredient , Preventive Maintenance for Quality Indoor Air , Putting It All Together , Poor Maintenance by Design , Maintenance Fallacies that Work Against Productive Environments 11 MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES: THE SOFT SIDE OF IAQ SUCCESS ...........................................261 vii Complaint Response , Complaint Response Procedures , Management by Complaint , Developing an IAQ Program , Policy , The IAQ Manager , Management Plan , IAQ Resource Notebook , Management Concerns , Economic Factors , Legal Matters—Specific Policy Issues , Securing Consultant Services , Education & Training , Communication in IAQ Management 12 WHAT “THEY” SAY FROM WHENCE DOES MY HELP COMETH? .......................287 ASHRAE 62, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality , Ventilation Rate Procedure , Air Quality Procedure , Acceptable Air Quality , Revision Activity , Where to Next? Appendix A—Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations .....................299 Appendix B—Glossary of Terms ................................................................301 Appendix C—Selected Resources and References .................................. 311 Appendix D—Investigation Forms ............................................................335 Appendix E—Guidance Checklist for Design Documentation ............351