Climate change and global food security

Preface................................................................................................ iii Contributors..................................................................................... xiii SECTION I Global Food Security Chapter 1 Reducing Hunger in Tropical Africa while Coping with Climate Change.................................................................................. 3 Pedro A. Sanchez Chapter 2 World Food Security: Perspectives Past, Present, and Future........................................................................................ 21 Dennis J. Greenland Chapter 3 Changing Times and Direction ....................................................... 39 Robert D. Havener, Christopher R. Dowswell, and Norman E. Borlaug © 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC viii Climate Change and Global Food Security Chapter 4 Greenhouse Gases and Food Security in Low-Income Countries........................................................................................... 71 Roy Darwin, Stacey Rosen, and Shahla Shapouri Chapter 5 Climate Change, Soil Carbon Dynamics, and Global Food Security.................................................................................. 113 Rattan Lal SECTION II Climate Change and Net Primary Productivity Chapter 6 Climate Change Effects on the Water Supply in Some Major River Basins ........................................................................ 147 Ranjan S. Muttiah and Ralph A. Wurbs Chapter 7 Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Production............. 173 Wilfred M. Post and Anthony W. King Chapter 8 The Changing Role of Forests in the Global Carbon Cycle: Responding to Elevated Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere .............................................................................. 187 Evan H. DeLucia, David J. Moore, Jason G. Hamilton, Richard B. Thomas, Clint J. Springer, and Richard J. Norby Chapter 9 Impact of Climate Change on Soil Organic Matter Status in Cattle Pastures in Western Brazilian Amazon ........... 223 Carlos C. Cerri, Martial Bernoux, Carlos E.P. Cerri, and Keith Paustian © 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Contents ix SECTION III Climate Change and Agronomic Production Chapter 10 Climate Change, Agriculture, and Sustainability ....................... 243 Cynthia Rosenzweig and Daniel Hillel Chapter 11 Assessing the Consequences of Climate Change for Food Security: A View from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.............................................................. 269 William Easterling Chapter 12 Climate Change and Tropical Agriculture: Implications for Social Vulnerability and Food Security .................................. 293 Hallie Eakin Chapter 13 Effects of Global Climate Change on Agricultural Pests: Possible Impacts and Dynamics at Population, Species Interaction, and Community Levels ............................................. 321 Anthony Joern, J. David Logan, and William Wolesensky Chapter 14 Food Security and Production in Dryland Regions ..................... 363 B.A. Stewart Chapter 15 Climate Change and Crop Production: Challenges to Modeling Future Scenarios ........................................................... 383 Eugene S. Takle and Zaitao Pan © 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC x Climate Change and Global Food Security SECTION IV Soil Carbon Dynamics and Farming/Cropping Systems Chapter 16 Soil Carbon Sequestration: Understanding and Predicting Responses to Soil, Climate, and Management............................. 407 James W. Jones, Valerie Walen, Mamadou Doumbia, and Arjan J. Gijsman Chapter 17 Reducing Greenhouse Warming Potential by Carbon Sequestration in Soils: Opportunities, Limits, and Tradeoffs.................................................................................. 435 John M. Duxbury Chapter 18 Management Practices and Carbon Losses via Sediment and Subsurface Flow .................................................... 451 Lloyd B. Owens and Martin J. Shipitalo Chapter 19 Measuring and Monitoring Soil Carbon Sequestration at the Project Level........................................................................ 467 R. César Izaurralde Chapter 20 Dynamics of Carbon Sequestration in Various Agroclimatic Zones of Uganda ...................................................... 501 Moses M. Tenywa, Majaliwa Mwanjalolo, Matthias K. Magunda, Rattan Lal, and Godfrey Taulya Chapter 21 Soil Carbon Sequestration in Dryland Farming Systems .......... 515 Parviz Koohafkan, Ana Rey, and Jacques Antoine © 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Contents xi Chapter 22 More Food, Less Poverty? The Potential Role of Carbon Sequestration in Smallholder Farming Systems in Senegal ........................................................................ 539 Petra Tschakert Chapter 23 Hillside Agriculture and Food Security in Mexico: Advances in the Sustainable Hillside Management Project ...................................................................... 569 Jose I. Cortés, Antonio Turrent, Prócoro Díaz, Leobardo Jiménez, Ernesto Hernández, and Ricardo Mendoza Chapter 24 Soil Organic Carbon, Quality Index, and Soil Fertility in Hillside Agriculture .................................................... 589 Jorge D. Etchevers, Miguel A. Vergara, Miguel M. Acosta, Carlos M. Monreal, and Leobardo Jiménez Chapter 25 Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration in Zambia............................... 605 Robert B. Dadson, Jagmohan Joshi, Fawzy M. Hashem, Arthur L. Allen, Catherine S. Bolek, Steven W. Muliokela, and Albert Chalabesa SECTION V Policy and Economic Issues Chapter 26 Policy and Economic Issues Dealing with Global Warming ....... 641 G. Edward Schuh Chapter 27 Confronting the Twin Problems of Global Warming and Food Insecurity............................................................................... 657 Luther Tweeten © 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC xii Climate Change and Global Food Security Chapter 28 Policies and Incentive Mechanisms for the Permanent Adoption of Agricultural Carbon Sequestration Practices in Industrialized and Developing Countries................................ 679 John M. Antle and Linda M. Young Chapter 29 The Impact of Climate Change in a Developing Country: A Case Study from Mali................................................................ 703 Tanveer Butt and Bruce McCarl SECTION VI Toward Research and Development Priorities Chapter 30 Researchable Issues and Development Priorities for Countering Climate Change.......................................................... 729 Rattan Lal, B.A. Stewart, David O. Hansen, and Norman Uphoff