Industrial psychology

INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY 1–5 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Concept and Meaning 1 1.3 Characteristics of Industrial Psychology 2 1.4 Scopes of Industrial Psychology 2 1.5 Historical Development of Industrial Psychology 3 2. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 6–9 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 Scientific Management School 6 3. THE HOWTHRONE STUDIES 10–14 3.1 Introduction 10 3.2 Hawthorne Studies 10 3.3 Implication of Hawthorne Studies 13 3.4 Criticisms of Hawthorne Studies 14 4. TIME AND MOTION STUDY 15–20 4.1 Introduction 15 4.2 Concept and Meaning of Time Study 15 4.3 Aims and Objectives of Time Study 16 4.4 Procedure of Time Study 16 Contents 4.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Time Study 16 4.6 Concept and Meaning of Motion Study 17 4.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of Motion Study 19 4.8 Relation between Motion and Time Study 20 5. MOTIVATION 21–35 5.1 Introduction 21 5.2 Concept and Meaning 22 5.3 Types of Motivation 23 5.4 Motivation Theories 23 5.5 Implication of Motivation Theories in Workplace 28 5.6 Studies on Motivation 30 5.7 Tips for Improving Employee Motivation 33 References 34 6. JOB SATISFACTION 36–42 6.1 Introduction 36 6.2 Concept and Meaning 36 6.3 History of Job Satisfaction 37 6.4 Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction 38 6.5 Consequences of Job Satisfaction/ Dissatisfaction 40 6.6 Tips for Reducing Dissatisfaction 41 6.7 Experimental Studies 41 7. STRESS 43–55 7.1 Introduction 43 7.2 Defining Stress 43 7.3 The Dynamics of Stress 44 7.4 Types of Stress 44 7.5 The Signs of Stress 46 7.6 Causes of Stress 47 7.7 Addressing the Causes of Stress 49 7.8 Workplace Stress 50 7.9 Managing Stress at Workplace 52 References 55 8. ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE 56–62 8.1 Introduction 56 8.2 Concept and Meaning 56 Contents 8.3 Types of Organizational Culture 58 8.4 Importance of Organizational Culture 59 8.5 Changing Organizational Culture 59 8.6 Matching People with Organizational Culture 60 References 62 9. LEADERSHIP 63–79 9.1 Introduction 63 9.2 Concept and Meaning 63 9.3 Importance of Leadership 64 9.4 Qualities of Good Leader 64 9.5 Principles of Leadership 65 9.6 The Process of Great Leadership 66 9.7 Leadership Theories 66 References 79 10. GROUP DYNAMICS 80–89 10.1 Introduction 80 10.2 Concept and Meaning 80 10.3 Features of Group 81 10.4 Group Formation and Development 82 10.5 Types of Groups 84 10.6 Why Individual Join the Group? 85 10.7 Group Structure 86 10.8 Group Cohesiveness 88 11. WORK ENVIRONMENT 90–99 11.1 Introduction 90 11.2 Concept and Meaning 90 11.3 Requirement of Suitable Working Environment 91 References 99 12. INDUSTRIAL FATIGUE 100–107 12.1 Introduction 100 12.2 Concept and Meaning 100 12.3 Types of Industrial Fatigue 101 12.4 Why do we Get Fatigued? 102 Contents 12.5 Fatigue Symptoms 103 12.6 Industrial Studies on Fatigue 103 12.7 Causes and Remedies of Industrial Fatigue 105 12.8 Effects of Industrial Fatigue 106 References 107 13. INDUSTRIAL BOREDOM 108–111 13.1 Introduction 108 13.2 Concept and Meaning 108 13.3 Causes and Remedies of Boredom 109 13.4 Effects of Boredom 110 13.5 How to Reduce Boredom 111 References 111 14. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT AND SAFETY 112–124 14.1 Introduction 112 14.2 Concept and Meaning 112 14.3 Causes of Industrial Accidents 113 14.4 Accident Proneness 117 14.5 Accident Cost 117 14.6 Accident Measurement 117 14.7 Industrial Safety 118 14.8 Safety Measures 118 References 124 15. JOB ANALYSIS 125–129 15.1 Introduction 125 15.2 Concept and Meaning 125 15.3 Importance of Job Analysis 127 15.4 Job Analysis Methods 127 References 129 16. RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION 130–141 16.1 Introduction 130 16.2 Concept and Meaning 130 16.3 Need of Recruitment 131 16.4 Objectives of Recruitment 132 Contents 16.5 Process of Recruitment 132 16.6 Factor Affecting Recruitment 133 16.7 Source of Recruitment 135 16.8 Selection 138 16.9 Objective of Selection 138 16.10 Process of Selection 138 References 141 17. RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF RECRUITMENT TEST 142–147 17.1 Introduction 142 17.2 Importance of Reliability and Validity Test on Recruitment 142 17.3 Reliability Test 143 17.4 Validity Test 145 17.5 The Relationship of Reliability and Validity 146 18. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 148–156 18.1 Introduction 148 18.2 Concept and Meaning 148 18.3 Objectives of Performance Management 149 18.4 Process of Performance Management 149 18.5 Approaches to Performance Development 151 18.6 Methods of Performance Management 152 References 156 19. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 157–165 19.1 Introduction 157 19.2 Concept and Meaning 157 19.3 Basic Purposes of Training 158 19.4 Basic Purposes of Development 159 19.5 Difference between Training and Development 159 19.6 Importance of Training and Development 159 19.7 Process of Training 160 19.8 Types of Training 161 19.9 Evaluation of Training Effectiveness 164 References 165