From biotechnology to genomes : the meaning of the double helix

Machine generated contents note: Foreword v -- Introduction: The Essence of Life and the Labyrinth of -- the Genome xiii -- I The Invention of Biotechnology 1 -- 1.1 The Origins of Biotechnology 5 -- 1.2 The Emergence of a New Concept of Life 11 -- 1.3 From Zymotechnology to Biotechnology 13 -- 1.4 The Engineering of Nature -- Towards the Best of all -- Possible Worlds 21 -- 1.5 Technique, Biology and the Development of Biotechnics 23 -- 1.6 The Recognition of Biotechnology by the Institutions 43 -- 2 Political Interpretations of Biotechnology and the Birth of -- the First Research Programs 62 -- 2.1 The Example of the United States 64 -- 2.2 Biotechnology in Japan: Economic Success and -- Ecological Failure 73 -- 2.3 Germany and the Political Aspect of Biotechnology 78 -- 2.4 The British Development of Biotechnology: Delayed -- Political Reaction 84 -- 2.5 The French Reaction 90 -- 2.6 The European Community and Biotechnology -- The -- Emergence of the First European Biotechnology Programs 92 -- 3 The Foundations of the Heralded Revolution 116 -- 3.1 From the Frontiers of Genetics to the Birth of -- Molecular Biology 116 -- 3.2 The Secret of Life: DNA 126 -- 3.3 The First Sequencing of a Protein: Insulin 135 -- 3.4 Techniques of DNA Sequencing 139 -- 3.5 Gene Money, or the Miracles Expected of Biotechnology 161 -- 3.6 The Japanese Threat and the Human Frontier -- Science Program 174 -- 4 Attack on the Genomes: The First Genetic and Physical Maps 182 -- 4.1 The Problem of Gene Localization 182 -- 4.2 Polymorphic Markers, Gene Mapping and the -- Great Gene Hunt 185 -- 4.3 Towards a Complete Linkage Map 194 -- 4.4 Physical Genome Mapping: The Reconstruction of a -- Complicated Puzzle 202 -- 4.5 The First Physical Maps of Large Genomes 205 -- 4.6 Towards a Physical Map of the Human Genome 215 -- 5 The Human Genome Project and the International -- Sequencing Programs 217 -- 5.1 The Ultimate Challenge: The Human Genome Project 218 -- 5.2 The Department of Energy Initiative 230 -- 5.3 The NIH Genome Project 245 -- 5.4 HUGO, or the Difficulties of International Coordination 252 -- 5.5 The Importance of Model Organisms 267 -- 5.6 The International Dimensions of Genome Research: -- The First Stirrings in other Countries 273 -- 6 European Biotechnology Strategy and Sequencing -- the Yeast Genome 327 -- 6.1 Towards a New European Research Policy for -- Biotechnology 328 -- 6.2 The 1980s: An Implementation of the 1983 Strategy? 341 -- 6.3 BAP's First Year 353 -- 6.4 The Revision of the BAP Program 359 -- 6.5 The Origins and Nature of the Yeast Genome -- Sequencing Project 369 -- 6.6 Critical Discussions and the Adoption of the Yeast -- Genome Sequencing Project 382 -- 7 The Decryption of Life 421 -- 7.1 The Structure and Organization of the European -- Yeast Genome Sequencing Network 421 -- 7.2 A World First -- The Sequence for a Whole Eucaryote -- Chromosome: Chromosome III of the Yeast -- Saccharomyces cerevisiae 434 -- 7.3 The Complete Sequence of the Genome and the -- Intensification of European Efforts 451 -- 7.4 After the Sequence -- The Challenge of Functional -- Analysis 487 -- 7.5 Sequences, Sequences and More Sequences 511 -- 7.6 From Science to Economics 606 -- 8 Conclusion: The Dreams of Reason or the New Biology's -- Dangerous Liaisons 643 -- 8.1 Fascination but Anxiety Concerning Progress in the -- Life Sciences 643 -- 8.2 Reductionism vis-a-vis the Complexity of Life 648 -- 8.3 From Science to Ideology -- The Dangers of -- "The Genetic All" 658 -- 8.4 The Health Excuse -- A New Utopia? 666 -- 8.5 Behind Gene Therapy -- The Dangerous Liaisons -- of the New Biology 676 -- 8.6 Convenient Reductionism 683 -- 8.7 The Reasons Behind an Ideology 684 -- EPILOGUE 690 -- Dreams or Nightmares? Man Reasoned out by His Genes 690 -- Bibliography 693 -- Acronyms 751 -- Author Index 755 -- Subject Index 773.