هوش کسب و کار برای بیمار محوری: یک مرور سیستماتیک Business intelligence for patient-centeredness: A systematic review

1. Introduction Business intelligence (BI), which features superior information technology and management philosophies, can considerably facilitate and drive patient-centeredness (PC) (Oates et al., 2000). Although substantial amounts of data are available in the health care industry, they are not reviewed for hidden information. BI is an established part of health care, and it is hoped that BI can effectively support patientcenteredness. However, BI tools are systematic strategies that require integrating hospitals’ existing management systems; therefore, the development and introduction of new BI tools must incorporate managers’ strategic thinking and support, as well as various complex challenges such as discrepancies between old and new hospital management systems, the technical skills of internal staff, expectations and demands of external society, integration of internal processes, use of management and clinical data, data quality, and system performance reliability. In addition, cooperation- and trust-related problems arise because of the uniqueness of BI in the field of medicine, the integration and interoperability of clinical and hospital management data, and patient privacy and external policies that influence the sharing of that information between stakeholders. Moreover, controversies concerning the theories and practices of PC-related content and scope remain unresolved (Mead and Bower, 2000; Rawaf et al., 2011; Scholl et al., 2014). Therefore, both theories and practices must be examined to facilitate the effective use of BI systems and tools. However, knowledge is lacking regarding what the difficulties of BI are for PC, and confusion exists about whether BI can truly make full use of health care data, how PC can be supported, and what conditions are required. Thus, this systematic review identifies where in the relevant literature these topic are described. Section 2 introduces the theoretical background of BI- and PC-related studies. Section 3 outlines the present study’s methods, analyzes the existing literature, and uses the BI maturity model and four dimensions (e.g., organization and humanism) to determine the current situation regarding BI maturity in the field of medicine. Section 4 discusses the study results, which indicate that PC dimensions are used as the standards for exploring BI in medicine.