اندازه گیری اثربخشی تولید در بخش دولتی Measuring effectiveness of production in the public sector
- نوع فایل : کتاب
- زبان : انگلیسی
- ناشر : Elsevier
- چاپ و سال / کشور: 2018
توضیحات
رشته های مرتبط اقتصاد
گرایش های مرتبط اقتصاد پولی، اقتصاد مالی
مجله امگا – Omega
دانشگاه Department of Economics – University of Oslo – Norway
منتشر شده در نشریه الزویر
کلمات کلیدی بخش عمومی، خروجی ها و نتایج، تعیین فاکتوریل چند خروجی، تولید، اثربخشی کلی ترجیح، بازده مخلوط خروجی
گرایش های مرتبط اقتصاد پولی، اقتصاد مالی
مجله امگا – Omega
دانشگاه Department of Economics – University of Oslo – Norway
منتشر شده در نشریه الزویر
کلمات کلیدی بخش عمومی، خروجی ها و نتایج، تعیین فاکتوریل چند خروجی، تولید، اثربخشی کلی ترجیح، بازده مخلوط خروجی
Description
1. Introduction The concepts efficiency and effectiveness are used in many studies, but the bulk of empirical studies provide measures of efficiency, while effectiveness measures are presented much more seldom, and different definitions are used. The standard definitions of efficiency and effectiveness have been expressed by many authors by stating that effi- ciency is a question of doing things right, and effectiveness is a question of doing the right things (see, among several publications, Drucker [18] in the popular management literature and Fitz-Gibbon and Tymms [24] being typical for journal papers). This definition obviously builds on the assumption that when employing resources to produce ‘things’ there must be a way of evaluating what are the right ‘things’ to produce. For production units in competitive industries with prices both on inputs and outputs evaluation follows from the objective function such as profit maximisation or cost minimisation. Considering cost minimisation as a benchmark Farrell [23] showed that his overall efficiency measure, or cost efficiency measure, can be decomposed multiplicatively into relative loss due to ‘technical’ inefficiency, i.e. not realising the potential at the frontier production function, and relative loss from using a non-optimal mix of inputs termed allocative inefficiency. As to the effect of observed output mix, loss of a nonoptimal mix of outputs can be measured analogously by using revenue-maximisation (for given inputs) as the objective function. A unit realising overall efficiency may therefore both doing things right and doing the right things, i.e. fulfilling effectiveness.
