Recombinant Human Angiotensin-C ...
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a monocarboxypeptidase that metabolizes several peptides, including the degradation of angiotensin (Ang) I ...
Current State of Ventricular As ...
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support is an accepted treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure. The increased applicability and exc ...
Beta-3 Adrenoceptors as New The ...
Catecholamines play a key role in the regulation of cardiovascular function, classically through ک1/2- adrenoreceptors (AR) activation. After ک3-AR ...
Novel Natriuretic Peptides: New ...
The natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a group of structurally similar yet genetically distinct peptides that have diverse actions in cardiovascular, re ...
Renal Biomarkers of Kidney Inju ...
The cardiorenal syndromes comprise a group of disorders in which impairment of either the heart or the kidney results in injury to the other. Althou ...
Newer Applications of Nuclear C ...
Radionuclide-based imaging techniques can be applied to the heart failure population to derive clinically useful information. This review discusses ...
Therapeutic Use of MicroRNAs in ...
The discovery of regulatory non-coding (nc) RNAs has opened a new world in cell biology. Within this class of ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been f ...
Immune Modulation in Heart Fail ...
Immune-modulation therapy has had great success in various inflammatory diseases. Despite the promising results of preliminary studies in anti-tumor ...
Functional Adiponectin Resistan ...
The contribution of skeletal muscle myopathy to the phenotype of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) has become generally accepted. Besides th ...
Targeting Hyponatremia and Hemo ...
Current treatment of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) has not reduced the significant morbidity or mortality associated with this disease, a ...
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Modul ...
This review summarizes the role of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cyclic guanosine 3پŒ, 5پŒ-monophosphate pathways in heart failure and several new ...
Vitamin D in Chronic Heart Fail ...
Recent evidence suggests a number of mechanisms whereby vitamin D may positively influence the pathophysiology of heart failure. These include actio ...
Novel Biomarkers in Acute Heart ...
Heart failure goes beyond mechanical dysfunction and involves an interplay of multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms, including inflammation, tissue r ...
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test i ...
Patients with cardiovascular diseases commonly present with exercise intolerance, clinically manifest as shortness of breath and fatigue, and these ...
Androgen Deficiency in Heart Fa ...
Androgen deficiency is a hormonal disorder that is frequently observed in advanced chronic conditions. A reduction of androgen blood levels may be c ...
Palliative Care and End-of-Life ...
Left ventricular assist devices as destination therapy (DT) improve quality of life for many patients with advanced heart failure. However, DT can b ...
Mechanical Bridge to Decision: ...
While great strides have been made in the management of heart failure syndromes, acute refractory cardiogenic shock carries a dismal prognosis. Init ...
Diverse Molecular Forms of Plas ...
Recent studies have shown that not only plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)-32, but also plasma proBNP-108 is increased in heart failure (HF), a ...
Pulmonary Vasodilation in Acute ...
Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure is associated with exercise intolerance and adverse outcomes. With the availability of multiple drugs that c ...
Controversies in Cardiac Resync ...
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is well established in the treatment of patients with heart failure, but lacks data addressing sex differenc ...
Pathophysiology and Treatment O ...
The anorexia–cachexia syndrome (ACS) occurs in many chronic illnesses, such as cancer, AIDS, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in addition t ...
Acute Study of Clinical Effecti ...
Nesiritide, a synthetic drug form of human Btype natriuretic peptide, is approved for the early treatment of dyspnea in acute decompensated heart fa ...
Management of Right Ventricular ...
The increasing incidence of patients with advanced heart failure, limited donor availability, and continued advancements in the field of mechanical ...
Recognition and Management of S ...
It is increasingly recognized that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease with significant i ...
Impact of Diabetes on Postinfar ...
Diabetes mellitus, the metabolic syndrome, and the underlying insulin resistance are increasingly associated with diastolic dysfunction and reduced ...